Showing posts with label qa testing theory. Show all posts
Showing posts with label qa testing theory. Show all posts

Importance of Software Testing Theory

Every organization system operates under certain quality requirement. Software testing in an integral part of quality assurance and a tester can contribute to quality improvement by finding bug. A QA Analyst's responsibility is different then a tester's this role is responsible to create and in force standards and methods to improve overall software development and testing process.
Technical excellence (person who is very good at finding system bugs, good at automation tools, scripting, and debugging) is not enough to be a good software QA tester. Knowledge about qa methodology and process is equally important to use that technical ability. At the requirement gathering and analysis phase some QA persons cannot understand what their role is in this phase of SDLC. Their understanding is that there is nothing to test now because no test cases are ready yet. But, a QA person has a big role to play to check standards of the requirements itself.

What I personally feel is if a QA tester is clear about QA methodology, standards, his thinking is not based only on the documents but he also questions himself what are they going to develop? What is there in documents? What is missing? What is not necessary? This questioning process takes his knowledge to mature level which reflects in his documentation, test case writing, and his overall performance in other phases of STLC.

It is equally important for job search and interview. Question like 'when to start testing' is not that bad for a person who has drilled little bit QA methodologies. But I doubt it would that easy and to-the-point if a person doesn’t have methodological base. Sometime even software terms and terminologies put you in embracing situation during interview and during real work environment. Years back, my TL assigned me to walk new person through about project and testing. I spent significant effort to make him understand bug life cycle. He was actually testing bugs that were assigned to developers and not done. Here my intention is not to criticize him, but trying to tell that a tester person having knowledge of Bug life cycle and status would never touch a bug with 'not done' status and assigned to a developer. For more software testing theory topics go here

Software Testing LifeCycle(STLC), V-MODEL


Software Test Life Cycle:

Software Testing Life Cycle(STLC) identifies what test activities to carry out to accomplish quality assurance process in a software development project.
There are different kinds of software development life cycle(SDLC) such as Waterfall, Spiral, Agile, and many others. Software testing has its own life cycle that intersects with every stage of the SDLC either it is Waterfall, Spiral or Agile. However, STLC varies from one to another based on size of project, test team, test in Scope/out of scope, and code release date (how frequently). So, knowledge about some of the major phase in STLC, quality assurance activities during phases and role of a tester, makes you always ready to accomplish your task with a mark. This picture describes one of widely used STLC phases.
Generally STLC for a single test cycle consists of phases: 1) Planning, 2) Analysis, 3) Design, 4) Initial Testing 5) Testing Cycles, 6) Final Testing and Implementation and 7) Post release

Planning : Some QA activities during planning phase.
  • High level test plan 
  • Identify review process, Metrics 
  • Bug reporting procedures 
  • Acceptance criteria for QA 
  • schedule
    Analysis Phase: Some QA activities during analysis phase.
    • Develop Test Case format , Validation Matrix
    • Develop, and plan Test Cycles matrices and time lines
    • Begin writing Test Cases based on Functional Validation matrix
    • Map baseline data to test cases to business requirements
    • Identify Automation, Manual and Types of testing ,
    • Test environment, automation system setup.
    Design :Some QA activities during design phase.
    • Test -plan(ning) review and verify.
    • Review matrix (coverage).
    • Continue working on Test Cases.(update, new )
    • Finalize test case selection for each cycle for manual run and automation.
    Initial Testing
    • Complete all plans, Test Case, scripting
    • Unit test (Automated?)
    Test Cycle:
    • Test Cycle 1, run first set of test
    • Report bugs - Triage(bug verification)- Bug fixes - Regression
    • Add test cases as required
    • Test Cycle 2, 3 ...
    Final Testing and Implementation :
    • Code Freeze
    • Run Test cases for including performance level .
    • Communicate defect tracking metrics.
    • Regression
    • Documents.
    Post Release
    • Evaluation meeting - lesson learned
    • Prepare final Defect Report and metrics. Develop strategies to prevent similar problems in future project.
    • Milestones for improvements
    • Environment clean-up.clean (tag and archive tests and data for that release) restore test machines to baseline for next test cycle
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    V-model



    Although variants of the V-model exist, a common type of V-model uses four test levels, corresponding to the four development levels. The four levels frequently used  are:
    Component (Unit) Testing;
    Integration Testing;
    System Testing;
    Acceptance Testing.
    In practice, a V-model may have more, fewer or different levels of development and testing, depending on the project and the software product. For example, there may be Component-Integration Testing after Component Testing, and System-Integration Testing after System Testing. Software work products (such as business scenarios or use cases, requirements specifications, design documents and code) produced during development are often the basis of testing in one or more test levels. References for generic work products include Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) or ‘Software life cycle processes’. Verification and validation (and early test design) can be carried out during the development of the software work product